Frankenstein by Mary Shelley

First I thankful to both sir and mam because they gave a chance to see a movie, such movies are helpful to understand the novel...Movie Frankenstein by Kenneth Branagh is very much relavent to the novel, as a director he made many changes in the movie but it is also helpful to understand the novel. In my view director coverd many main things in the movie & such changes in the movie is very powerful than novel also.

                          While viewing the task: First Gothic is Latin Term, means 'Atmosphere of mystery & terror'. In the novel & movie both elements are played a vital role. 1.End of the movie is very effective monster also burn with Victor that time we feel catharsis. 2. Yes we feel effect of horror in the movie. 3.character of monster is galible we feel sympathy for monster more than Victor. 4.conversation between Victor & monster is helpful to keep viewer's intrest. 5.No I think any scene is not ommit, no need to replace scene. 6.yes directer used proper symbols in the movie.

                    Post-viewing task: 1. there is many difference between movie & novel; in movie farmer family leave monster and that time monster burned there hut and speak: " I want to take revenge " while in the novel situation is different. In movie Victor 'restoring Elizabeth's life' in novel Victor does'n do it, he create lady-monster and destroyed it. When Elizabeth see her ugly look she burn herself and burn first floar of huge palace. 2.yes movie help us to understand structure of novel. 3.I think in movie Elizabeth's look of monster is very effective than lady monster's look in the novel. 4.Victor's rejection of monster is only reason of monster's revenge, if Victor accept him may be he is not cruel..Victor's love Elizabeth is beautifully portray here. We also compare him with Hamlet. 5. I think directer is very much faithful to novel but at some extent his imagery and style of making movie is powerful Hamlet is good example. As a directer he is free to do what he think, because directer's viewpoint is also useful to understand the novel.... 

To The Lighthouse by Virginia Woolf

here is my answers;
1)May be Woolf wanted to say about the complexity of human relationship, the everyday battles that people are at in their relationship with near and dear ones, the struggle of a female artist against the values of middle/upper class society etc. With the help of any work writer always reflects reality of society Woolf also tried to reflect her pain and suffering with the help of To The Lighthouse, because at the age of six she was abused by her half brother it reflects complexity of human relationship because characters of the novel are based on her own parents and siblings. Another main thing that her work belongs to Bloomsbury group means for upper class society Woolf wrote novel while First World War time that time people believe that female artist can’t wrote it reflects mentality of society may be Woolf against this idea.
                        Narrative technique of the novel is Stream of Consciousness, in this we are shown narrator moves one consciousness to another. In the first section “The Window” in that first narrator talk about child means James and then narrator’s perspective moves to Mrs. Ramsay, it s feature of this technique. Yes it is obviously help to what she experienced in the society.
2)Yes novel is both the tribute and critique for Mrs. Ramsay or narrator. Article by Andre Viola Fluidity vs. Muscularity Lily’s dilemma in Woolf’s To The Lighthouse; in that we defined symbols. Lily Briscoe is painter and she begins a portrait of Mrs. Ramsay at the beginning of the novel but has trouble to finishing it and at the end she successfully done it and that time she said that
“I have had my vision” there are two activities going on; one side Lily’s painting is over and on the other side James and his father and sister reached to the lighthouse means sentence spoken by Lily have two meaning one is reaching to the lighthouse and another is Lily’s painting. And painting itself is reflection of Mrs. Ramsay’s character. The process of painting shows Lily’s dilemma; because like Mrs. Ramsay Lily is plagued by fear.
3)The novel devided into three chapters and each chapter is symbol of something. The title of the novel itself is symbolic. Here Mrs. Ramsay is the central focus of the beginning of the novel and at the middle it moves Mrs. Ramsay to Lily at the end. So we can say that major action goes to female character. “The Window” is female phallic symbol & “The Lighthouse” is male phallic symbol.  But we can say that lighthouse stands for Mrs. Ramsay because major action and centre of the novel is Mrs. Ramsay James also loves his mother not his father another characters also attracts toward Mrs. Ramsay.  Lighthouse is a symbol for the spiritual strength and emotional guidance and Mrs. Ramsay’s character is like this. Second the narrator / author cannot fully disappear from the novel and thus the stoicism of Lily to paint and thus prove that she can paint is symbolically presented in stoicism of Lighthouse; yes narrator or author cannot fully disappear from the novel.
                             Here we are shown  Lily’s painting symbolizes women’s struggle in patriarchal society against man’s belief that “women can’s paint or write” we can say that one hand Lily’s prove that she can paint and on the other hand Woolf also prove that she can write. So Woolf herself presented in the novel and character of Lily is representation of her sister.
5)      The German term kunstlerroman means ‘artist’s novel’. Kunstle means artist and Roman is German word is a narrative about an artist’s growth to maturity. We can say that To The Lighthouse is also kunstlerroman novel because here Virginia Woolf also describe journey of characters especially James, Rose, Nancy, Cam etc; their journey childhood to maturity. The term is much related with James character because when the novel starts James was youngest than all beginning of the novel James was six year old and his request to go to the lighthouse was denied by his father after 10 years later James finally makes the journey with his father that time he has grown, young man who was mature enough so it is also one type of journey from childhood to maturity. Like James Cam and Rose also growing up into the novel.
7)      Movie is very much related to the novel but at some extent novel is more poignant than the movie because Woolf describe many dialogues are an effective way.
For example: Beginning of the novel is like these; “Yes, of course, if it’s fine tomorrow,” said Mrs. Ramsay. “But you’ll have to be up with the lark,” Narrator narrates story from mother’s perspective. Here I gave some lines to the original work;
Her tribute took that form if, as she vaguely supposed, a picture must be a tribute.  
Chpter:11- No, she thought, putting together some of the pictures he had cut out— a refrigerator, a mowing machine, a gentleman in evening dress— children never forget. For this reason, it was so important what one said, and what one did, and it was a relief when they went to bed. For now she need not think about anybody. She could be herself, by herself. And that was what now she often felt the need of—to think; well, not even to think. To be silent; to be alone. All the being and the doing, expansive, glittering, vocal, evaporated; and one shrunk, with a sense of solemnity, to being oneself, a wedge-shaped core of darkness, something invisible to others. Although she continued to knit, and sat upright, it was thus that she felt herself; and this self having shed its attachments was free for the strangest adventures. When life sank down for a moment, the range of experience seemed limitless.
                               Whole paragraph shows us to Lily’s thinking process and routine work of Mrs. Ramsay.  So many situations going on in between its also poisonous than movie.
At the end- “They will have landed,” and she felt that she had been right. They had not needed to speak. They had been thinking the same things and he had answered her without her asking him anything.
Quickly, as if she were recalled by something over there, she turned to her canvas. There it was—her picture. Yes, with all its greens and blues, its lines running up and across, its attempt at something. That all situations are affect reader while seeing movie that feelings may not be came out..
8)       My interpretation about the last line of the novel and film:
Last line of the novel was I have had my vision, we can compare this line with Woolf’s life that like Lily she also had her vision and tried to prove that female’s ability to write and paint another thing she also represent herself through Lily’s character.
And last line of the film was "Closed doors, open windows" - lies on the bed and with some sort of satisfaction utters: "Dearest Briscoe, you are a fool".  May be it can be Woolf told to herself that you are a fool, another meaning this line also symbol of relation of family.
These are my interpretation about the question I tried to answer as per my understanding. Thank you…

The Sense of an Ending

Here are my views about the following questions.
Tony Webster: first person narrator of the novel who narrate the whole story from his point of view. And at the beginning of the novel he said that; “I remember, in no particular order” the line itself says that narrator is unreliable. As the novel is about memories and youthful days so whatever narrator told us is his views and his thoughts so how far can we rely on the narrator even he himself isn’t clear in so many things so we can say that he is unreliable narrator.
          It can also be difficult to reconcile Veronica’s behavior throughout the second half of the book. But I found her the character who suddenly made the most sense upon finishing. Veronica, who seems to Tony to be a manipulator, turns out to be if not victimized, then certainly betrayed by nearly everyone else.        Adrian’s suicide is shocking for Tony as well as us also because Tony describe him as philosopher among them, even we can apply existentialism here because; “Adrian had read Camus and Nietzsche” and they both are existentialist, as we studied earlier that “it is a movement and philosophy which stresses the importance of human experience and says that everyone is responsible for the result of their own actions.” and may be that affect Adrian for commit suicide. But we never came to know the truth behind Adrian’s suicide and narrator never told us so we only interpret our own way.
Character of Veronica is very complicated from the beginning of the novel, her character is described form the point of view of Tony, whatever he told to us about Veronica is his way of looking towards Veronica may be she is different from that but we surely said that she is more confident than Tony. And at the end of the novel Veronica suddenly emerges as an invisible way at that time we came to know that what Veronica is. According to me Veronica is haughty and sacrificial. 
The novel is deeply philosophical, there is no ending but we can interpret it our own way. We can say that there is end of sense, end also refereed old age (Tony) and end of so many things.  

Hamlet by Shakespeare

First of all I would like to tell that screening is more effective than reading. It is easy to understand but language is extent to hard. Now I gave answer of the question.
                  The movie is quite faithful to the original play. There are many similarity between play and movie. Director makes many changes into movie. He make situation for the demand of the script.
                   My perception about play, character, or situations: Yes so many things are changed into movie. For example: Scene of water, in this scene Ophelia have one key in her mouth that reference did not give in original play. Mirror scene is also not into original play. Movie is director’s own imagination.
                   Another question is about ‘Aesthetic delight’ in that answer I will say that yes I feel ‘aesthetic delight’ while watching the movie, when Claudius’s death, sometimes Hamlet’s madness & his soliloquy. In one scene I don’t remember exactly but Hamlet use the word “My uncle- father and my aunt- mother.” It is very enjoyable movement. That time I also feel aesthetic delight.  The movie opens with one soldier on guard at night in a scene full of anxiety.
                Next is ‘Catharsis’ --Yes I feel catharsis while watching the movie, when Ophelia died as a drowned, her madness, and at the end of the movie Gertrude, Claudius, Laertes and Hamlet all characters are dying. The end is very tragic. In grave digging scene Hamlet unaware about Ophelia’s death, he see Gertrude, Claudius and Laertes came with coffin Ophelia’s body into in that time Hamlet shown and cried a lot. This all are very tragic moment of the movie.  
                   Next answer is: Yes screening of movie help us to better understanding of the play because director Kenneth Branagh’ movie Hamlet is majorly similar with original play. There are some minor changes into the movie.
                 In a movie Ghost scene is very horrifying for me. I think fearfully that “what will happen now?” when I see the movie I am very excited to every second. I will cherish lifetime whole movie.
                  And at the end I will said that “ If I am a director I will change into movie  one character of Ophelia means there is an no reference after her death. In my opinion if I am director I will put some more reference about her so every viewer believe that “Ophelia is still alive in Hamlet’s memory.”
             But overall Kenneth Branagh’s movie is very helpful to understand the original play…   

Waiting for Godot by Samuel Buckett

Here is my interpretation about questions;
What is Existentialism?  Existentialism movement arouses in 19th century Europe; it became especially prominent in the mid 20th century. Existentialists are concerns with the problem of living life as a human being, they rejects systems which purpose to have definitive answers to the question of meaning and purpose in life. Kierkegaard is generally considered to have been the first existentialist philosopher, though he did not use the term existentialism. We can say that it is central theme of Waiting for Godot.
What is the theme of The Myth of Sisyphus? Once during Indian Poetics’ lecture at that time Vinod sir also told us about Myth of Sisyphus.
Camus mainly focus on man’s futile search for meaning and unity, Camus sees Sisyphus as the absurd hero who lives life to the fullest, hates death and daily doing same meaningless task. And that meaninglessness of Sisyphus’ working is itself meaningful and that is the theme. One more thing Camus answering here that; does the realization of the absurd require suicide?   Do you agree that Existentialism is Humanism?
 Humanism: is the secular cultural and intellectual movement of the Renaissance that spread throughout Europe as a result of the rediscovery of the arts and philosophy of the ancient Greeks and Romans.
 
Existentialism: is Philosophical movement centered on individual existence: a philosophical movement begun in the 19th century that denies that the universe has any intrinsic meaning or purpose. (Encarta dictionary)
Both are different it is name of lecture “Is existentialism a humanism” by Jean Paul Sartre in 1945, because in both there is philosophy of ancient Greek.
What is Übermensch? It is the term Übermensch, often translated as Superman or Overman, was not invented by Nietzsche.
What is Theater of Absurd? ‘The Theatre of the Absurd' has become a catch-phrase, much used and much abused. Idea was given by Martin Esslin; it is theory of life’s meaninglessness Danish philosopher Kierkegaard wrote extensively on the absurdity of the world. It is related to existentialism and nihilism. Pinter, Becket and many writers wrote on the absurdism.
Tree is important in both act writer intentionally put; it gave very symbolic meaning, in the second act leaves are sprouting means leaves as a “hope” for Vladimir and Estragon for them hope for Godot will come.
Both acts end when night fall and moon rise; the situation is same in both act but it also have symbolic meaning that night represent death; another meaning is that like moon their waiting never end.
Play opens with ‘Nothing to be done.’ But here nothingness is means that something to be done so nothing itself is action. It recalls the line of T.S.Eliot’s ‘nothing’ means ‘something’. Repetition of the word nothing to be done.
Yes I am agree that “The play (Waiting for Godot), we agreed, was a positive play, not negative, not pessimistic. As I saw it, with my blood and skin and eyes, the philosophy is: 'No matter what— atom bombs, hydrogen bombs, anything—life goes on. You can kill yourself, but you can't kill life."
 It shows reality of life that if you can kill yourself life is goes on you can’t kill it.
Hat and Boot are very symbolical because they related with character;
Hat-Vladimir-it shows his mind-higher
Boot-Estragon- it shows his body-lower
Do you think that the obedience of Lucky is extremely irritating and nauseatic? Even when the master Pozzo is blind, he obediently hands the whip in his hand. Do you think that such a capacity of slavishness is unbelievable?
Yes Lucky’s obedience is extremely irritating; we can’t understand that how he is so obedient, what is the meaning behind that for Lucky we can say that his behaviour is unbearable, Lucky and Pozzo’s characters shows us relationship between master and slave but it is extreme level of slavery what Lucky represent.
There is no particular idea for Godot; we can take it as God or desire or death because Vladimir and Estragon waiting for God or may be death, one must be free to interpret. Sound of Godot is also similar way of God.
Subject is not Godot but Waiting both the character throughout the play waiting for something may be death, God, success but nobody comes their waiting  represent the title of the play, so their waiting is endless.
Do you think that plays like this can better be ‘read’ than ‘viewed’ as it requires a lot of thinking on the part of readers, while viewing, the torrent of dialogues does not give ample time and space to ‘think’? Or is it that the audio-visuals help in better understanding of the play?
Yes play can better be read than viewed because when we read many ideas or questions arise in mind while viewing that type of possibility is less, only reading is the best way to understand the things.
 I like this sequence more: Vladimir – Estragon killing time in questions and conversations while waiting, Pozzo – Lucky episode in both acts.
 
      Did you feel the effect of existential crisis or meaninglessness of human existence in the irrational and indifference Universe during screening of the movie?
Yes here we are shown existential crisis we can say that Vladimir and Estragon’s waiting is endless and meaningless at the same way human existence in the universe because existentialist believe in that idea, and it shows something symbolically truth about life.
How do you read this idea of suicide in Existentialism?
Idea of suicide in one video there is questions like why don’t we commit suicide? And answer is our instinct of life is much greater than our reason for death. This line gave us idea one more line prove this point that “An elegant suicide is an ultimate work of art” it’s an art of eluding so here Vladimir and Estragon talks about commit suicide but they do not so means they avoid it.  

The Birthday Party by Harold Pinter

Here I am sharing my viewpoints about the play.
 Pre viewing task: Comedy of menace: The phrase “comedy of menace” as a standalone description inspires both positive and negative feelings. Comedy is used during a dangerous situation to cause audiences to draw judgments about a particular character or communication. The words used are the focus of often powerful stories that create conflicting emotions from its audience. The title “Comedy of Menace” immediately brings contradictions to mind, because comedy is generally something that makes people laugh, and the word "menace" implies something threatening. Quite literally, then, this phrase involves laughing at an ominous situation.
This phrase is part of the title of a British play called The Lunatic View: a Comedy of Menace, by David Campton. Irving Wardle, a critic in the 1950s, emphasized the phrase when writing a review of the plays of Harold Pinter. Wardle used "comedy of menace" in a review of several of Pinter's works, although at the time he had seen only one, The Birthday Party.
Some plays are able to successfully mingle drama with comedy. One specific example from The Birthday Party is a character joking around about being in a menacing situation.
Phrase “comedy of menace” often applied to his early plays like; “The Room”, “The Birthday Party” and “A Slight Ache”. Menacing situation is shown in all above plays.
A particular atmosphere: It also created by Pinter’s ability to drop suddenly from a high comic level into deep seriousness. By this technique the audience is made aware that the comedy is only at surface layer. The sudden outbreaks of violence (verbal/physical?) in the play confirm this and leave the audience unsure of what will come next.
While we are talking about atmosphere there is some kind of fear in the play but that – fear for what? – by whom? But this type of question is remaining unanswered. Just as Stanley or Meg is the main vehicle for comedy in the play; so one more question arises that is he the main vehicle for the presentation of fear? Or is any other character frightened?
Answer of this question is yes because tone of the play is tragic or fearful but fear of what? It isn’t clear. All the characters are suffering from some unknown fear. May be possible that characters are laugh to forget their fear; they live in a past or avoid seeing in mirror because of fear.
The room or house represents security from the outside world but sadly it is impossible to sustain. So we can say that atmosphere is freighting.
Painteresque: Swedish Academy defines characteristic of painteresque where people are at the mercy of each other and pretence crumbles. With a minimum plot, dramas emerge from the power struggle and hide and seek of interlocution…...
‘The Birthday Party’ as a Political Play with reference to Harold Pinter’s Noble Speech: ‘Art, Truth & Politics: in that Pinter clarify that; “There are no hard distinctions between what is real and what is unreal nor between what is true and what is false. A thing is not necessarily either true or false it can be both true or false” and je further says that I always start a play by calling the characters A, B, and C...It’s strange moment the moment of creating characters who up to that moment have had no existence.
 And now he talks about art and politics: he says that political language as used by politicians which is not in truth but in power -the real truth is that there never is any such thing as one truth to be found in dramatic art. There are many. These truths challenge each other, recoil from each other, reflect each other, ignore each other, these each other are blind to each other…
In his speech he very beautifully and logically argues about his play with real situation, truth in drama is forever elusive. He further talks about U.S. and says that ‘I spoke earlier about tapestry of lies and describes Nicaragua as a ‘totalitarian dungeon’
While viewing task:
 Pinter’s Birthday Party film and the play in article: in that Harriet and Irving Deer says quality of Pinter’s style in both play and film. They says that he is an accomplished writer in both drama and film, Pinter is faithful to the texture of the play, movie starts with early in the morning, shots of car driving camera is moving first car and then point of view of driver. Both film and play seems to be trivia. Sense of emptiness and menace comes primarily in the film, so it is Pinter’s purpose in both to magnify trivia he used meaningful techniques in film.
Magnified ripping sound as McCann tears his newspaper or party in which we see the room looks like cage it is more clearly visible while game blind-man’s bluff. It is Pinter’s technique he shifts from an emphasis on people in the play to an emphasis on things in the film. He beautifully writes as well as shut.
How many times the ‘knocking at the door’ happens in the play? So many times knocking the door happens and yes it is creating menacing effect while viewing the movie.
Silence and Pauses are very important and Pinter successfully does it in movie during the conversation between Meg and Stanley or conversation between McCann, Goldberg and Stanley this time he uses pauses and silence.
Newspaper: play and movie both open with scene of Petey reading newspaper and Meg working in the kitchen Meg asking him that what is in the news. Here asking someone and telling someone is itself shows power-position.
Mirror: is also one of the symbol in Pinter’s plays, mirror image is always a kind of unrealistic or lie image which shows what we are.
Breakfast: Meg giving Petey corn flex it shows she makes fuss over everything the paper, the fried bread, or her housekeeping anything.  The whole breakfast scene is reminiscent of the king of domestic trivia.
Toy drum: in the act one ends that time Meg gave toy drum to the Stanley, it remains to the end. It is well-intentioned but stupid present.
Window-hatch: from that Stanley shows who is coming because he frighten from some unknown fear and from window we can’t see full sight means we only shown half thing or unclear thing. At the end of the movie Petey also shoes in the window.
One more symbol I want to include that is;
Door: it is very important symbol because first it gives threatening sound and also symbol of some fearful feeling, knocking the door create menacing image.
Each scene has symbolic meaning. Interrogation scene- in that McCann, Goldberg is force to sit down to Stanley in that repetition of the dialogue or situation like Stanley is sitting down and they both standing up shows power-position.
Birthday party scene- in that Stanley constantly saying it isn’t my birthday. In that all are playing game blind-man’s bluff it shows different point of views of each character. Room is look like prison in that Stanley searching something.
Resistance scene: in that Stanley who is now clean shaved, once again Goldberg and McCann subject him to an unendurable verbal barrage, but it is superfluous Stanley will to resist has vanished and he can only make meaningless sound.
Post viewing task:
At some extant movie is giving the effect of menace but reading and seeing both are very much different reading is  always more effective than reading while reading interrogation scene McCann and Goldberg are force to Stanley for sit down and they asking Stanley some unclear thing that we don’t know context this are menacing situation while viewing this effect we can’t feel.
With which of the following observations you agree:  I am agree with this; “It's impossible to imagine a better film of Pinter's play than this sensitive, disturbing version directed by William Friedkin”
If you were director or screenplay writer, what sort of difference would you make it the making of movie? – movie is very much faithful to the original play in my opinion everything is okay no need to change or add in the movie and direction or screen play writing it isn’t my cup of tea, but I want to change Petey’s character very less character he play I want to give more space to his character.
All actors’ plays beautifully and faithfully played their role but Stanley’s acting much affect me.
 Thank you.

The Da Vinci Code by Dan Brown

These are my views about following questions.
Ø  Suspense thriller is genre.
Ø  Have you come across any novels by Sidney Sheldon? No
Ø  Have you watched any films by Alfred Hitchcock? No
Ø  Mary Magdalene's role in the history of Christianity: The Church has suppressed the truth about Mary Magdalene and the Jesus bloodline for 2000 years. This is principally because they fear the power of the sacred feminine in and of itself and because this would challenge the primacy of Saint Peter as an apostle.
Mary Magdalene was of royal descent (through the Jewish House of Benjamin) and was the wife of Jesus, of the House of David. That she was a prostitute was slander invented by the Church to obscure their true relationship. At the time of the Crucifixion, she was pregnant. After the Crucifixion, she fled to Gaul, where she was sheltered by the Jews of Marseille. She gave birth to a daughter, named Sarah. The bloodline of Jesus and Mary Magdalene became the Merovingian dynasty of France.
The existence of the bloodline was the secret that was contained in the documents discovered by the Crusaders after they conquered Jerusalem in 1099 (Kingdom of Jerusalem). The Priory of Sion and the Knights Templar were organized to keep the secret. And the Church wants to bury the secret of Mary Magdalene.
Some more points which I found in this sitehttp://www.catholiceducation.org/en/controversy/common-misconceptions/the-da-vinci-code-the-facts-behind-the-fiction.html
: Who was Mary Magdalene according to the Scriptures?
 Mary Magdalene is mentioned 12 times in the Gospels. She was healed of demon possession by Jesus (Luke 8:2), was present at the Crucifixion and the tomb and was sent by the Risen Jesus to the apostles to announce the Good News. Her feast day is celebrated July 22.

Who was Mary Magdalene according to Dan Brown?
Brown says Mary Magdalene was of royal blood, of the tribe of Benjamin, and Jesus' wife. According to Brown, after the crucifixion, Mary, pregnant with Jesus' child, moved to France and became the root of the Merovingian royal family.
He also says Jesus intended for Mary to be the head of his Church (celebrating the sacred feminine, remember) but that Peter wrested power from her, suppressed evidence of Jesus' real intentions and set into motion a 2,000-year conspiracy to demonize Mary Magdalene.
According to The Da Vinci Code, the Church has also enforced ignorance about the existence of the descendents of Jesus.
Ø  Novel starts with facts about ‘Priory of Sion’ then prologue begins, in a way movie and novel both started same way but because of the time limit movie doesn’t show all the things together. But good and very much faithful movie affect much than novel. 
Ø  Novel is frontal attack on Christian faith and according to Brown there is always something which is not shown, which is hidden and people always believed on that things which is shown. Though novel is fiction but then also Brown claim that points which is already there in Christianity and history. About Jesus; that some believes that he was mortal and some believes that he was divine. About religious controversy that how religion becomes more necessary than duty (for Fache & Silas)
Ø  According to Dan Brown what really Holy Grail is: The Holy Grail is not a physical chalice, but a woman, namely Mary Magdalene, who carried the bloodline of Christ.
Holy Grail also called Sangreal derived from either Spanish ‘San Greal’ means ‘Holy Grail’ or French ‘Sang real’ means ‘Royal Blood’.
The Grail relics consist of the documents that testify to the bloodline, as well as the actual bones of Mary Magdalene.
The Grail relics of Mary Magdalene were hidden by the Priory of Sion in a secret crypt, perhaps beneath Rosslyn Chapel.
Concept: 1. Opus Dei-
Opus Dei, formally known as The Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei is an institution of the Roman Catholic Church that teaches that everyone is called to holiness and that ordinary life is a path to sanctity. Founded in Spain in 1928. Opus Dei organizes training in Catholic spirituality applied to daily life. Aside from personal charity and social work, Opus Dei members are involved in running universities, university residences, schools, publishing houses, and technical and agricultural training centers. (From Wikipedia)
2. Priory of Sion- a European secret society founded in 1099, Isaac Newton, Victor Hugo, Botticelli, Leonardo Da Vinci these are members of Priory of Sion.
3. Constantine- this also plays major role in the novel. Constantine was a Christian and he was baptized on his deathbed, Constantine didn’t create Jesus’ divinity he was divine.
Post viewing task:
The Da Vinci Code is more attractive than two others. Not only because it is suspense thriller murder mystery but it also has claims especially on Christian religion, so this narrative is convincing to the contemporary young mind.
Character of Ophelia in Kenneth Branagh’s Hamlet- we can say that she have no voice, she drawn herself means kind of ‘escapism’ from life and problems. In Frankenstein- Elizabeth is faithful to her love and she wait for Victor and she sacrifice all the things only for Victor or Sophie is different than Ophelia and Elizabeth because she have both the feminine qualities and masculine toughness together  while these qualities are absent in Ophelia an Elizabeth.
If we do atheist reading of the novel than Leigh Teabing will protagonist and Robert Langdon became antagonist of the novel.
Idea of knowability : relationship between known and knower is shown in many characters in the novel; for example Silas: he think that he know everything  so he is knower but we come of know that he know nothing.
“I don’t know what I don’t know” this sentence is reflecting here.
Even character of Sophie for her also kind of self-identification so she also know that she is descendent of Jesus, another is Leigh Teabing knows that Robert know the password. Robert Langdon’s quest for knowing is also presented here so idea of knowability played a vital role here.

One Night @ the call center by Chetan Bhagat

These are my views about the novel.
1.     Contemporary issues in on@tcc: a)
b)  In on@tcc Bhagat beautifully decribes the life of workers of the call center, he observe their life style and put all the characters in same situation. Workers of the call center are normal human being like us; they also face some kind of problem in their life. Every character has their desire but at some extent doesn’t fulfill it. Here in this novel Bhagat’s tone is pitch-perfect because he describe contemporary problem in his novel and even today call center are not highly regarded by society, so Bhagat keenly observe all this thing.
c) Bhagat’s novel deal with this thing: youth centered, love stories and backdrop of contemporary issues. Reader cannot fully understand the vision of author but we can say that Bhagat’s vision been shallow, means his work isn’t deeply philosophical but reader gain something from it. In this novel all the main characters are young except one Military Uncle. India is younger’s nation; younger’s have energy of doing better for themselves and country like Shyam and Vroom.
d) Yes Bhagat has an insight for the contemporary issues that are movers and shakers in India. Most of his work focuses on Contemporary issues.  Today’s important issues like Globalization or is English language is important? This type of issues is shown in his novel.
2.     Mannepean satire: seriocomic genre… Idea of loyalty, Bossism family values all things are shown in Bhagat’s work. For example: Military Uncle who missed his son he far away from his family here we are shown value of family. Other side Priyanka who have her own life, her own desire or her own happiness but she can’t cooperate her life or happiness for the sake of her mother’s. Bakshi is proper example of bossism. Bakshi kind of man is shown in society.
3.     The effect of Globalization: Thomas Friedman’s the world is flat is non fictional book. Novel on@tcc is deal with globalization Bhagat focus that now in globalized world man’s struggle with corporate world. Novel is not deeply focus on globalization but at some extent it touches the some elements of globalization.
 4.     Narrative Structure:
a.   Narrative structure is same in Bhagat’s novels, here some points about narrative structure: - prologue and epilogue, this is important for any work, we are shown that prologue and epilogue are very important in Bhagat’s book that gave us idea of story. Plot construction is also follows Aristotelian unities of time, place and action; Bhagat follows these unities in his work. Plot also governed by low of probability. And problem of dues ex machine- is also shown many of his work. For example: in on@tcc God’s call. We can interpret God as different way that it is “inner voice” or God = 1) intelligence 2) imagination 3) self-confidence or 4) failure. Here Bhagat tells readers that God is not physically come but he gave us solution or direction. In Life of Pie that situation is clearly shown that believe in God is depends on person. Narrator differentiates that how mother and father taught religious or practical lesson to son. Both have different views or solutions. Means we can apply this thing in real life. Other point is that be friendly with ‘rods’ means problems this also one important point in Bhagat’s narrative.
 
 
b) Narrative structure of the novel deal with so many things. Prologue gave us idea that how writer inspire to wrote story, and character of Shyam that represent may be Bhagat own self or he also represent lacks of young Indian people who live like Shyam. Yes narrative also follows the dream of the author in train, we can say that story begins in the train and ends in the train. Beautiful lady is also mysterious. We can also interpret her; that may be she is God or it is dream of the author. That isn’t clear but very beautifully author decribes things in step by step.  
 
5.     Popular Literature and ON@TCC: Popular literature is fiction that does not deal with abstract problems it take normal principals, it take moral principles as the given accepting certain generalized common sense, ideas and values as its base.
Popular literature does not raised answer of abstract questions. Normally literature gains when person suffers. Or popular literature remains quite different from the modern or narrative poem. In on@tcc this is problematic unrealistic characters or kind of superhuman it gave negative effect on the audience. Or a character seems to know everything. In reality it doesn’t happen. At some extent it is type of popular literature. But we cannot say that on@tcc is peace of popular literature.
6.     Self-help book and on@tcc: Self help is genre it is non-fictional genre. It is non-fictional but many fictional writers used it. It is kind of literature but not accepted by high literature. God’s call is important because it is twist of the story when God’s call came characters realized that what is important in life that “inner voice” and they even we have no time to listen inner voice. God’s call gave a new direction to think. God only show us direction or path but person have to walk upon this path alone. God or any other not came together.  In my opinion in real life this chance of such happens is not possible.
7. One of the themes of the novel is its anti-American sentiments which are intertwined with Nationalism. Had you been God, what would have been your answer to Vroom when he said "If only you had given India as much as America!"?
Vroom’s character is anti-American. And one of the themes of the novel is nationalism; Vroom who presents true reality of America and according to me every country has dark side.